Richard Harrison - Revision history

1857admin: /* Migration to Utah */

2014-01-07T00:55:10Z

Migration to Utah

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	=== Migration to Utah ===		=== Migration to Utah ===

	In 1846, the new Mormon leader, Brigham Young, determined to evacuate their settlements in Illinois. The Harrisons joined the Mormon exodus from Illinois that ~~eventually took them to Utah Territory~~ in ~~1849~~.		In 1846, the new Mormon leader, Brigham Young, determined to evacuate their settlements in Illinois. The Harrisons joined the Mormon exodus from Illinois and they settled in the Mormon settlements in western Iowa. In 1849, they joined the Ezra T. Benson Company which began its journey from the outfitting post in Kanesville (modern Council Bluffs), Iowa. Departing in mid-July, they were in the midst of the very heavy overland travel occasioned by the California Gold Rush.
			[[Image:Mormon Trail.jpg\|thumb\|center\|700px\|<center>'''The Mormon Trail'''</center>]]

			Outbreaks of cholera caused numerous deaths on the overland trail that season. They passed the usual milestones on the trail: Fort Kearney, the South Fork of the Platte River, Chimney Rock, Fort Laramie, the Sweetwater River, Independence Rock, Devil's Gate, Green River, Fort Bridger, Bear River, and Weber River. After suffering the usual hardships of overland trail they arrived in the valley of the Great Salt Lake in late October.

	=== Move to Southern Utah ===		=== Move to Southern Utah ===

1857admin: /* In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion */

2012-03-02T09:50:32Z

In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:50, 2 March 2012
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	In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions led by regimental commander [[William_H._Dame\|Col. William H. Dame.]] The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.		In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions led by regimental commander [[William_H._Dame\|Col. William H. Dame.]] The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.

			[[Image:Richard Harrison.jpg\|right\|200px\|Richard Harrison.jpg]]
	In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.		In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.

	~~[[Image:Richard Harrison.jpg\|right\|200px\|Richard Harrison.jpg]]~~
	According to [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]], Harrison arrived at Mountain Meadows with a militia contingent from Cedar City.		According to [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]], Harrison arrived at Mountain Meadows with a militia contingent from Cedar City.

1857admin at 09:49, 2 March 2012

2012-03-02T09:49:48Z

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	=== In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion ===		=== In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion ===
			[[Image:Map southern utah 1.jpg\|left\|300px]]

			In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions led by regimental commander [[William_H._Dame\|Col. William H. Dame.]] The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.

	In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions. The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.
	~~[[Image:Map_southern_utah_1.jpg\|left\|300px]]~~
	In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.		In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.

			[[Image:Richard Harrison.jpg\|right\|200px\|Richard Harrison.jpg]]
	According to [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]], Harrison arrived at Mountain Meadows with a militia contingent from Cedar City.		According to [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]], Harrison arrived at Mountain Meadows with a militia contingent from Cedar City.

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	In Judge John Cradlebaugh's 1859 arrest warrant, Richard Harrison was listed as simply "Harrison." [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]] and his attorney William Bishop both referred to Harrison in ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' Lee's autobiography posthumously published in 1877.		In Judge John Cradlebaugh's 1859 arrest warrant, Richard Harrison was listed as simply "Harrison." [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]] and his attorney William Bishop both referred to Harrison in ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' Lee's autobiography posthumously published in 1877.

	~~<br>~~

	=== Leaving Cedar City for Pinto ===		=== Leaving Cedar City for Pinto ===

	~~[[Image:Richard Harrison.jpg\|right\|200px\|Richard Harrison.jpg]]~~Meanwhile, in Cedar City in 1858, there were some final efforts at iron production, but after these failed the ironworks was closed. Harrison remained in Iron County but in 1860, the Harrisons were among the many who abandoned Cedar City. They relocated to nearby Pinto, halfway between Cedar City and Mountain Meadows.		Meanwhile, in Cedar City in 1858, there were some final efforts at iron production, but after these failed the ironworks was closed. Harrison remained in Iron County but in 1860, the Harrisons were among the many who abandoned Cedar City. They relocated to nearby Pinto, halfway between Cedar City and Mountain Meadows.

	=== Starting the Union Iron Works ===		=== Starting the Union Iron Works ===

1857admin: /* Superintendent of the Ironworks */

2012-03-02T06:48:29Z

Superintendent of the Ironworks

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	=== Superintendent of the Ironworks ===		=== Superintendent of the Ironworks ===
	[[Image:Sketch - Iron works.jpg\|thumb\|~~right~~\|The Early Ironworks in Cedar City~~\|400px~~]]		[[Image:Sketch - Iron works.jpg\|right\|thumb\|400px\|<center>'''The Early Ironworks in Cedar City'''</center>]]

	Richard Harrison's main occupation in Cedar City was as one of the ironworkers. He was the first one listed in Henry Lunt's early list of "iron men". In May 1852, he was appointed superintendent of the initial ironworks and began plans for constructing the iron operation. With the help of others, Harrison began construction of a blast furnace, foundry, pattern shop, coke and charcoal ovens, waterwheel and other structures. When the ironworks was reorganized, Harrison became superintendent of the moulding department. His speciality as moulder was reheating iron and forging it into useful implements. He was a shareholder in the enterprise and in 1853, he became a member of the newly-formed iron council.		Richard Harrison's main occupation in Cedar City was as one of the ironworkers. He was the first one listed in Henry Lunt's early list of "iron men". In May 1852, he was appointed superintendent of the initial ironworks and began plans for constructing the iron operation. With the help of others, Harrison began construction of a blast furnace, foundry, pattern shop, coke and charcoal ovens, waterwheel and other structures. When the ironworks was reorganized, Harrison became superintendent of the moulding department. His speciality as moulder was reheating iron and forging it into useful implements. He was a shareholder in the enterprise and in 1853, he became a member of the newly-formed iron council.

1857admin at 00:18, 29 February 2012

2012-02-29T00:18:27Z

1857admin: /* In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion */

2012-02-29T00:06:10Z

In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:06, 29 February 2012
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	In Judge John Cradlebaugh's 1859 arrest warrant, Richard Harrison was listed as simply "Harrison." [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]] and his attorney William Bishop both referred to Harrison in ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' Lee's autobiography posthumously published in 1877.		In Judge John Cradlebaugh's 1859 arrest warrant, Richard Harrison was listed as simply "Harrison." [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]] and his attorney William Bishop both referred to Harrison in ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' Lee's autobiography posthumously published in 1877.

			<br>

	=== Leaving Cedar City for Pinto ===		=== Leaving Cedar City for Pinto ===

1857admin: /* In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion */

2012-02-29T00:05:11Z

In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:05, 29 February 2012
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	=== In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion ===		=== In the Iron Military District: 2nd Lieutenant Richard Harrison, Company E, Isaac Haight's 2nd Battalion ===

			In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions. The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.
	[[Image:Map_southern_utah_1.jpg\|left\|300px]]		[[Image:Map_southern_utah_1.jpg\|left\|300px]]
	In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.		In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.

1857admin: /* References */

2012-02-28T05:23:34Z

References

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	= References =		= References =

	Arrington, "Planning an Iron Industry for Utah, 1851-1858," ''Huntington Library Quarterly,'' 21:3 (May 1958), 237-260; ''Mormon Manuscripts to 1846: Guide to Lee Library''; Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 159; Bigler and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 69, 70 fn. 14; Bitton, ''Guide to Mormon Diaries,'' 147; Brooks, ''Journal of the Southern Indian Mission,'' 17, 18, 32, 70 84; Fish, ''Mormon Migrations,'' 283; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Seegmiller, ''A History of Iron County,'' 53, fn.32, 238, 321, 323; Shirts and Shirts, ''A Trial Furnace,'' 51, 123, 150, 156, 178-79, 210, 213, 215-18, 223-226, 228, 230, 234, 240-41, 243-46, 261, 264, 267-68, 270, 272, 302, 304-5, 308, 313-14 fn. 66, 349, 355, 401, 406 fn. 84, 432, 452, 462, 483, 495; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 107, 119, 223; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows'', Appendix C; Youngberg, ''Conquerors of the West: Stalwart Mormon Pioneers,'' "Richard Harrison," 1025.		Arrington, "Planning an Iron Industry for Utah, 1851-1858," ''Huntington Library Quarterly,'' 21:3 (May 1958), 237-260; ''Mormon Manuscripts to 1846: Guide to Lee Library''; Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 159; Bigler and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 69, 70 fn. 14; Bitton, ''Guide to Mormon Diaries,'' 147; Brooks, ''Journal of the Southern Indian Mission,'' 17, 18, 32, 70, 84; Fish, ''Mormon Migrations,'' 283; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Seegmiller, ''A History of Iron County,'' 53, fn.32, 238, 321, 323; Shirts and Shirts, ''A Trial Furnace,'' 51, 123, 150, 156, 178-79, 210, 213, 215-18, 223-226, 228, 230, 234, 240-41, 243-46, 261, 264, 267-68, 270, 272, 302, 304-5, 308, 313-14 fn. 66, 349, 355, 401, 406 fn. 84, 432, 452, 462, 483, 495; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 107, 119, 223; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows'', Appendix C; Youngberg, ''Conquerors of the West: Stalwart Mormon Pioneers,'' "Richard Harrison," 1025.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].

1857admin: /* References */

2012-02-22T01:16:28Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:16, 22 February 2012
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	= References =		= References =

	Arrington, "Planning an Iron Industry for Utah, 1851-1858," ''Huntington Library Quarterly,'' 21:3 (May 1958), 237-260; ''Mormon Manuscripts to 1846: Guide to Lee Library''; Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 159; Bigler and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 69, 70 fn. 14; Bitton, ''Guide to Mormon Diaries,'' 147; Fish, ''Mormon Migrations,'' 283; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Seegmiller, ''A History of Iron County,'' 53, fn.32, 238, 321, 323; Shirts and Shirts, ''A Trial Furnace,'' 51, 123, 150, 156, 178-79, 210, 213, 215-18, 223-226, 228, 230, 234, 240-41, 243-46, 261, 264, 267-68, 270, 272, 302, 304-5, 308, 313-14 fn. 66, 349, 355, 401, 406 fn. 84, 432, 452, 462, 483, 495; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 107, 119, 223; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows'', Appendix C; Youngberg, ''Conquerors of the West: Stalwart Mormon Pioneers,'' "Richard Harrison," 1025.		Arrington, "Planning an Iron Industry for Utah, 1851-1858," ''Huntington Library Quarterly,'' 21:3 (May 1958), 237-260; ''Mormon Manuscripts to 1846: Guide to Lee Library''; Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 159; Bigler and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 69, 70 fn. 14; Bitton, ''Guide to Mormon Diaries,'' 147; Brooks, ''Journal of the Southern Indian Mission,'' 17, 18, 32, 70 84; Fish, ''Mormon Migrations,'' 283; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Seegmiller, ''A History of Iron County,'' 53, fn.32, 238, 321, 323; Shirts and Shirts, ''A Trial Furnace,'' 51, 123, 150, 156, 178-79, 210, 213, 215-18, 223-226, 228, 230, 234, 240-41, 243-46, 261, 264, 267-68, 270, 272, 302, 304-5, 308, 313-14 fn. 66, 349, 355, 401, 406 fn. 84, 432, 452, 462, 483, 495; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 107, 119, 223; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows'', Appendix C; Youngberg, ''Conquerors of the West: Stalwart Mormon Pioneers,'' "Richard Harrison," 1025.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].

1857admin: /* His Role at the Ironworks in 1857 */

2012-02-13T08:29:14Z

His Role at the Ironworks in 1857

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	From late April to September, those working up the canyon in mining or hauling wood, coal, limestone, rock, sand or “adobies” to the ironworks were [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Samuel McMurdie\|Samuel McMurdie]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M. Macfarlane]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Nephi Johnson\|Nephi Johnson]], [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], Elias Morris, [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]], and [[Philip Klingensmith\|Philip Klingensmith]]. Those working at the ironworks on the furnace, engine, coke ovens or blacksmith shop included Elias Morris, [[John S. Humphries\|John Humphries]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[John M. Urie\|John Urie]], [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Joseph Clews\|Joseph Clews]], [[Richard Harrison\|Richard Harrison]], [[William C. Stewart\|William C. Stewart]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M Macfarlane]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[William S. Riggs\|William S. Riggs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Eleazer Edwards\|Eliezar Edwards]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], and [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]]. (The two lists overlap because some worked both in the canyon and at the Ironworks.) Other prominent figures at the ironworks who were not later involved at Mountain Meadows were Samuel Leigh, George Horton, James H. Haslem, Laban Morrell, John Chatterley, Thomas Gower, Thomas Crowther and others.		From late April to September, those working up the canyon in mining or hauling wood, coal, limestone, rock, sand or “adobies” to the ironworks were [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Samuel McMurdie\|Samuel McMurdie]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M. Macfarlane]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Nephi Johnson\|Nephi Johnson]], [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], Elias Morris, [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]], and [[Philip Klingensmith\|Philip Klingensmith]]. Those working at the ironworks on the furnace, engine, coke ovens or blacksmith shop included Elias Morris, [[John S. Humphries\|John Humphries]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[John M. Urie\|John Urie]], [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Joseph Clews\|Joseph Clews]], [[Richard Harrison\|Richard Harrison]], [[William C. Stewart\|William C. Stewart]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M Macfarlane]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[William S. Riggs\|William S. Riggs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Eleazer Edwards\|Eliezar Edwards]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], and [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]]. (The two lists overlap because some worked both in the canyon and at the Ironworks.) Other prominent figures at the ironworks who were not later involved at Mountain Meadows were Samuel Leigh, George Horton, James H. Haslem, Laban Morrell, John Chatterley, Thomas Gower, Thomas Crowther and others.

	==== ~~His~~ Role at the Ironworks in 1857 ====		==== Harrison's Role at the Ironworks in 1857 ====

	During this period of 1857, Harrison performed numerous tasks at the ironworks. In mid-June, he shingled the blacksmith shop, following which he was "Clearing out [the] Casting Hous[e] & old Trial Furnace." The following week, he was a moulder of the cupola, or small furnace. Next, he worked on beam supports near the new engine. Returning to the cupula, he worked as a moulder for several days. Early in July he "fitted up" the cylinders of the steam engine. At mid-month, he was part of a small team who spent more than five days each on the steam engine. In late July, he worked as a carpenter. In early August, he joined the large crew of more than 40 men in building a reservoir for a reliable water supply for the steam engine. In mid-August, he spent a day making a wagon box for the coal mine.		During this period of 1857, Harrison performed numerous tasks at the ironworks. In mid-June, he shingled the blacksmith shop, following which he was "Clearing out [the] Casting Hous[e] & old Trial Furnace." The following week, he was a moulder of the cupola, or small furnace. Next, he worked on beam supports near the new engine. Returning to the cupula, he worked as a moulder for several days. Early in July he "fitted up" the cylinders of the steam engine. At mid-month, he was part of a small team who spent more than five days each on the steam engine. In late July, he worked as a carpenter. In early August, he joined the large crew of more than 40 men in building a reservoir for a reliable water supply for the steam engine. In mid-August, he spent a day making a wagon box for the coal mine.

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:50, 2 March 2012
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	In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions led by regimental commander [[William_H._Dame\|Col. William H. Dame.]] The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.		In 1857, the Southern Indian Mission were headquartered at Fort Clara on the lower Santa Clara River near modern-day St. George, Utah. It was part of the Iron Military District which consisted of four battalions led by regimental commander [[William_H._Dame\|Col. William H. Dame.]] The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.

			[[Image:Richard Harrison.jpg\|right\|200px\|Richard Harrison.jpg]]
	In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.		In September 1857, Richard Harrison, 49, was a 2nd Lt. in one of the platoons in Company E. Fellow ironworker [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]] was sergeant of the same platoon. Company E was commanded by Captain Elias Morris, who was also one of the chief masons in the ironworks. Morris's company was attached to the 2nd Battalion under Major [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]]. See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.

	~~[[Image:Richard Harrison.jpg\|right\|200px\|Richard Harrison.jpg]]~~
	According to [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]], Harrison arrived at Mountain Meadows with a militia contingent from Cedar City.		According to [[John D. Lee\|John D. Lee]], Harrison arrived at Mountain Meadows with a militia contingent from Cedar City.

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:18, 29 February 2012
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	=== Starting the Union Iron Works ===		=== Starting the Union Iron Works ===

	In 1868, Harrison and David Adams, the chief furnace master of the earlier ironworks, formed the Union Iron Works at Old Irontown (Iron City), west of Cedar City. He served for many years as a superintendent at these new ironworks. They operated a small blast furnace and several coke ovens on Pinto Creek. The pig iron they produced was shipped to the stamp mills in Bullion, Nevada. Ultimately, however, this enterprise failed for the same reason as the earlier one, lack of high-grade iron ore and coal.		In 1868, Harrison and David Adams, the chief furnace master of the earlier ironworks, formed the Union Iron Works at Old Irontown (Iron City), west of Cedar City. Harrison, Adams and their small crew labored for three years on their steam-powered blast furnace and associated equipment. In April 1871, they made their first successful run, producing 800 pounds of iron every eight hours. It was a promising start and reportedly more successful than they had experienced at the Cedar City Ironworks. Harrison served for many years as a superintendent at these new ironworks. They operated a small blast furnace and several coke ovens on Pinto Creek. The pig iron they produced was shipped to the stamp mills in Bullion, Nevada. Ultimately, however, this enterprise failed for the same reason as the earlier one, lack of high-grade iron ore and coal.

	=== Final Years ===		=== Final Years ===

	Harrison remained in Pinto until March 1882 when he ~~passed away~~ at the age of 73. He was survived by his two wives and children.		Harrison remained in Pinto until March 1882 when he died at the age of 73. He was survived by his two wives and children.

	In 2009, a statue of Richard Harrison was unveiled in downtown Cedar City to honor his role as a founder of the Iron Mission and his contributions to early iron production in Utah.		In 2009, a statue of Richard Harrison was unveiled in downtown Cedar City to honor his role as a founder of the Iron Mission and his contributions to early iron production in Utah.
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	= References =		= References =

	Arrington, "Planning an Iron Industry for Utah, 1851-1858," ''Huntington Library Quarterly,'' 21:3 (May 1958), 237-260; ''Mormon Manuscripts to 1846: Guide to Lee Library''; Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 159; Bigler and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 69, 70 fn. 14; Bitton, ''Guide to Mormon Diaries,'' 147; Brooks, ''Journal of the Southern Indian Mission,'' 17, 18, 32, 70, 84; Fish, ''Mormon Migrations,'' 283; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Seegmiller, ''A History of Iron County,'' 53, fn.32, 238, 321, 323; Shirts and Shirts, ''A Trial Furnace,'' 51, 123, 150, 156, 178-79, 210, 213, 215-18, 223-226, 228, 230, 234, 240-41, 243-46, 261, 264, 267-68, 270, 272, 302, 304-5, 308, 313-14 fn. 66, 349, 355, 401, 406 fn. 84, 432, 452, 462, 483, 495; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 107, 119, 223; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows'', Appendix C; Youngberg, ''Conquerors of the West: Stalwart Mormon Pioneers,'' "Richard Harrison," 1025.		Arrington, "Planning an Iron Industry for Utah, 1851-1858," ''Huntington Library Quarterly,'' 21:3 (May 1958), 237-260; ''Mormon Manuscripts to 1846: Guide to Lee Library''; Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 159; Bigler and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 69, 70 fn. 14; Bitton, ''Guide to Mormon Diaries,'' 147; Bradshaw, ed., ''Under Dixie Sun,'' 216; Brooks, ''Journal of the Southern Indian Mission,'' 17, 18, 32, 70, 84; Fish, ''Mormon Migrations,'' 283; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Seegmiller, ''A History of Iron County,'' 53, fn.32, 238, 321, 323; Shirts and Shirts, ''A Trial Furnace,'' 51, 123, 150, 156, 178-79, 210, 213, 215-18, 223-226, 228, 230, 234, 240-41, 243-46, 261, 264, 267-68, 270, 272, 302, 304-5, 308, 313-14 fn. 66, 349, 355, 401, 406 fn. 84, 432, 452, 462, 483, 495; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 107, 119, 223; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows'', Appendix C; Youngberg, ''Conquerors of the West: Stalwart Mormon Pioneers,'' "Richard Harrison," 1025.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].
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	For further information on Richard Harrison, see:		For further information on Richard Harrison, see:

	* Harrison diary: ~~ ~~http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~schick/ knell/richardharrison.htm		* Harrison diary: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~schick/ knell/richardharrison.htm
	* Harrison journey from England to Illinois: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/ ~schick/knell/adventure.html		* Harrison journey from England to Illinois: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/ ~schick/knell/adventure.html
	* Deseret Iron Company Account Book, 1854-1867: http://www.footnote.com/document/241905844/		* Deseret Iron Company Account Book, 1854-1867: http://www.footnote.com/document/241905844/