William Bateman - Revision history

1857admin at 19:13, 14 February 2014

2014-02-14T19:13:40Z

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	==== Bateman's Role in the Ironworks in 1857 ====		==== Bateman's Role in the Ironworks in 1857 ====

	~~During this period of 1857~~, ~~William Bateman was an occasional teamster~~ for ~~the ironworks~~. In late July, he hauled nearly two tons of coal. The following week, he hauled another ton ~~to the ironworks~~. He did the same the following week and at mid-August, another two tons. During the intense week at the end of the month, when the iron run was in progress, he hauled another ton of coal. On October 12, he was credited with ten days of work building the new engine house. This work ~~was probably~~ done ~~the~~ previous ~~spring~~.		At some point, Bateman’s faith had slackened and he had “gone off to California” for a time. Eventually, he returned and in late July, he hauled nearly two tons of coal to the ironworks. The following week, he hauled another ton of coal. He did the same the following week and at mid-August, another two tons. During the intense week at the end of the month, when the iron run was in progress, he hauled another ton of coal.

			By Sunday, August 30, Bateman was ready to publicly recommit to the community and church. At the Sunday afternoon church meeting, he stood before the congregation and made a short acknowledgement of the error of his ways, saying, “you all know what I want and what I have done in going off to California. I have come back and desire again to become a member of the Church and I will endeavor to do better.” After an affirmative vote of those present, he was accepted back into the church. He continued occasional work at the ironworks. On October 12, he was credited with ten days of work building the new engine house. (This work may have been done previous to his taking leave for California.)

	The majority of the southern Utah militiamen at Mountain Meadows were from Cedar City. Of these, nearly all of them had worked at the Ironworks or supplied raw materials to it. Indeed, in the weeks before the Mountain Meadows Massacre, they had worked intensely together, hauling materials, building a new water reservoir, and making the latest run of the blast furnace. One perennial mystery of the massacre has been why the militiamen mustered to Mountain Meadows in “broken” militia units; that is, from different platoons and companies, none of which had a full compliment of its members. Perhaps the reason lies with the Ironworks. Those in the Ironworks knew each other and had worked alongside one another. Not only did William Bateman know those who mustered from Cedar City to Mountain Meadows, he had worked with them at the Ironworks as recently as the week before. Perhaps the answer is that the men of the Ironworks were on hand and available and Isaac Haight, who himself had worked closely with them, assigned them to muster to Mountain Meadows.		The majority of the southern Utah militiamen at Mountain Meadows were from Cedar City. Of these, nearly all of them had worked at the Ironworks or supplied raw materials to it. Indeed, in the weeks before the Mountain Meadows Massacre, they had worked intensely together, hauling materials, building a new water reservoir, and making the latest run of the blast furnace. One perennial mystery of the massacre has been why the militiamen mustered to Mountain Meadows in “broken” militia units; that is, from different platoons and companies, none of which had a full compliment of its members. Perhaps the reason lies with the Ironworks. Those in the Ironworks knew each other and had worked alongside one another. Not only did William Bateman know those who mustered from Cedar City to Mountain Meadows, he had worked with them at the Ironworks as recently as the week before. Perhaps the answer is that the men of the Ironworks were on hand and available and Isaac Haight, who himself had worked closely with them, assigned them to muster to Mountain Meadows.

1857admin at 00:30, 8 January 2014

2014-01-08T00:30:54Z

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	=== Immigration to America and onto Utah ===		=== Immigration to America and onto Utah ===

	Like many British converts to Mormonism in the mid-19th century, the Batemans saved their money to immigrate to America. Joseph Bateman and his wife were among the earliest British converts to Mormonism to immigrant to the United States, sailing to America in the early 1840s. When the Mormons departed western Illinois in 1846 and moved westward, so, too, did the Batemans. It ~~appears that~~ they ~~immigrated to~~ Great Salt Lake ~~City~~ in ~~1849 or 1850~~.		Like many British converts to Mormonism in the mid-19th century, the Batemans saved their money to immigrate to America. Joseph Bateman and his wife were among the earliest British converts to Mormonism to immigrant to the United States, sailing to America in the early 1840s. When the Mormons departed western Illinois in 1846 and moved westward, so, too, did the Batemans. They crossed through the Iowa mud in 1846 and spent several years in the temporary Mormon settlements near the Missouri River in western Iowa-eastern Nebraska Territory.

			By 1849, William and Sarah Bateman had gathered sufficient means to equip and provision an outfit to cross the plains. (His parents Joseph and Margaret Bateman, had immigrated the previous year in the Brigham Young Company.) They joined the Allen Taylor Company, which departed in early July. By then their family consisted of William, 25, Sarah Lavender, 25, Emma Lewis, 7, and William Henry, 4.
			[[Image:Mormon Trail.jpg\|thumb\|center\|700px\|<center>'''The Mormon Trail'''</center>]]

			As this was the first year of the Gold Rush to California, travel on the overland trails was intense that season and cholera was epidemic. It killed some of their company including Captain Samuel Gully, who expired on the 4th of July. They passed the usual milestones on the trail: Fort Kearney, the South Fork of the Platte River, Chimney Rock, Fort Laramie, the Sweetwater River, Independence Rock, Devil's Gate, Green River, Fort Bridger, Bear River, and Weber River. After suffering the usual hardships of overland trail they arrived in the valley of the Great Salt Lake in early October.

	=== Joining Other British Emigrants in the Iron Mission in Cedar City ===		=== Joining Other British Emigrants in the Iron Mission in Cedar City ===

1857admin at 07:14, 11 November 2013

2013-11-11T07:14:26Z

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	Like many of the massacre participants from the Cedar City area, he was listed in Judge John Cradlebaugh's 1859 arrest warranty.		Like many of the massacre participants from the Cedar City area, he was listed in Judge John Cradlebaugh's 1859 arrest warranty.

			[[Image:Cache_Valley_Map.jpg\|right\|thumb\|400px\|<center>'''Map of Cache Valley in northeastern Utah.'''</center>]]
	=== Abandoning Cedar City for Cache Valley ===		=== Abandoning Cedar City for Cache Valley ===
	~~[[Image:Cache_Valley_Map.jpg\|right\|thumb\|400px\|<center>'''Map of Cache Valley in northeastern Utah.'''</center>]]~~
	By 1859, the Batemans had moved to West Jordan in Salt Lake County. In the 1860s, they moved to Richmond in Cache Valley where he died in 1867.		By 1859, the Batemans had moved to West Jordan in Salt Lake County. In the 1860s, they moved to Richmond in Cache Valley where he died in 1867.

1857admin: /* Abandoning Cedar City for Cache Valley */

2013-11-11T07:13:23Z

Abandoning Cedar City for Cache Valley

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	=== Abandoning Cedar City for Cache Valley ===		=== Abandoning Cedar City for Cache Valley ===
			[[Image:Cache_Valley_Map.jpg\|right\|thumb\|400px\|<center>'''Map of Cache Valley in northeastern Utah.'''</center>]]
	By 1859, the Batemans had moved to West Jordan in Salt Lake County. In the 1860s, they moved to Richmond in Cache Valley where he died in 1867.		By 1859, the Batemans had moved to West Jordan in Salt Lake County. In the 1860s, they moved to Richmond in Cache Valley where he died in 1867.

1857admin: /* In the Iron Military District: Sergeant William Bateman, Company G, John Higbee's 3rd Battalion, Cedar City */

2012-03-02T07:25:52Z

In the Iron Military District: Sergeant William Bateman, Company G, John Higbee's 3rd Battalion, Cedar City

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	=== In the Iron Military District: Sergeant William Bateman, Company G, John Higbee's 3rd Battalion, Cedar City ===		=== In the Iron Military District: Sergeant William Bateman, Company G, John Higbee's 3rd Battalion, Cedar City ===
			[[Image:Map southern utah 1.jpg\|left\|300px]]

			In 1857, the Iron Military District consisted of four battalions led by regimental commander [[William_H._Dame\|Col. William H. Dame.]] The platoons and companies in the first battalion drew on men in and around Parowan. (It had no involvement at Mountain Meadows.) [[Isaac_C._Haight\|Major Isaac Haight]] commanded the 2nd Battalion whose personnel in its many platoons and two companies came from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the north such as Fort Johnson. [[John_M._Higbee\|Major John Higbee]] headed the 3rd Battalion whose many platoons and two companies were drawn from Cedar City and outer-lying communities to the southwest such as Fort Hamilton. [[John_D._Lee\|Major John D. Lee]] of Fort Harmony headed the 4th Battalion whose platoons and companies drew on its militia personnel from Fort Harmony, the Southerners at the newly-founded settlement in Washington, the Indian interpreters at Fort Clara, and the new settlers at Pinto.

	In 1857, William Bateman, 33, was listed as a sergeant of a platoon under Captain [[Eleazer Edwards\|Eliezar Edwards]] in Company G in Major [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee's]] 3rd Battalion. (A William H. Bateman was a private in Company E under Captain Elias Morris in Major Isaac C. Haight's 2nd Battalion.) See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.		In 1857, William Bateman, 33, was listed as a sergeant of a platoon under Captain [[Eleazer Edwards\|Eliezar Edwards]] in Company G in Major [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee's]] 3rd Battalion. (A William H. Bateman was a private in Company E under Captain Elias Morris in Major Isaac C. Haight's 2nd Battalion.) See [[A Basic Account]] for a full description of the massacre.

1857admin: /* Joining Other British Emigrants in the Iron Mission in Cedar City */

2012-03-02T07:23:45Z

Joining Other British Emigrants in the Iron Mission in Cedar City

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	=== Joining Other British Emigrants in the Iron Mission in Cedar City ===		=== Joining Other British Emigrants in the Iron Mission in Cedar City ===
	[[Image:Sketch - Iron works.jpg\|thumb\|~~right~~\|The Early Ironworks in Cedar City~~\|400px~~]]		[[Image:Sketch - Iron works.jpg\|right\|thumb\|400px\|<center>'''The Early Ironworks in Cedar City'''</center>]]

			==== The Deseret Iron Company ====

	By 1853, William Bateman, his wife and their family were in Cedar City in southern Utah where many British Mormons with iron mining or smelting experience worked at founding the "Iron Mission." In moving to Cedar City, Bateman was settling in an area dominated by the Deseret Iron Company, known more familiarly as the Ironworks. See [[Summary of Deseret Iron Company]] for a brief summary of its early development.		By 1853, William Bateman, his wife and their family were in Cedar City in southern Utah where many British Mormons with iron mining or smelting experience worked at founding the "Iron Mission." In moving to Cedar City, Bateman was settling in an area dominated by the Deseret Iron Company, known more familiarly as the Ironworks. See [[Summary of Deseret Iron Company]] for a brief summary of its early development.

			==== The Ironworks in 1857 ====

	In April 1857, the delivery of a new steam engine from Great Salt Lake City seemed to breathe new life for the Ironworks. Working from April to June they installed the steam engine and completed the new engine house. In the first week of July, they were ready to begin smelting. They “put on the blast” and had a modicum of success. But they continued to be plagued with problems ranging from poor quality raw materials to smelting equipment that lacked technical sophistication. When in late July the steam engine seized with sand from the dirty creek water, they speedily dug a reservoir to store a supply of clean water for the boiler. They continued making smelting runs through August. All the while crews at the ironworks manned all the necessary functions there, while other crews, mainly miners and teamsters, gathered the raw materials – iron ore, coal, limestone, and wood – necessary to sustain smelting.		In April 1857, the delivery of a new steam engine from Great Salt Lake City seemed to breathe new life for the Ironworks. Working from April to June they installed the steam engine and completed the new engine house. In the first week of July, they were ready to begin smelting. They “put on the blast” and had a modicum of success. But they continued to be plagued with problems ranging from poor quality raw materials to smelting equipment that lacked technical sophistication. When in late July the steam engine seized with sand from the dirty creek water, they speedily dug a reservoir to store a supply of clean water for the boiler. They continued making smelting runs through August. All the while crews at the ironworks manned all the necessary functions there, while other crews, mainly miners and teamsters, gathered the raw materials – iron ore, coal, limestone, and wood – necessary to sustain smelting.
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	From late April to September, those working up the canyon in mining or hauling wood, coal, limestone, rock, sand or “adobies” to the ironworks were [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Samuel McMurdie\|Samuel McMurdie]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M. Macfarlane]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Nephi Johnson\|Nephi Johnson]], [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], Elias Morris, [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]], and [[Philip Klingensmith\|Philip Klingensmith]]. Those working at the ironworks on the furnace, engine, coke ovens or blacksmith shop included Elias Morris, [[John S. Humphries\|John Humphries]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[John M. Urie\|John Urie]], [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Joseph Clews\|Joseph Clews]], [[Richard Harrison\|Richard Harrison]], [[William C. Stewart\|William C. Stewart]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M Macfarlane]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[William S. Riggs\|William S. Riggs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Eleazer Edwards\|Eliezar Edwards]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], and [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]]. (The two lists overlap because some worked both in the canyon and at the Ironworks.) Other prominent figures at the ironworks who were not later involved at Mountain Meadows were Samuel Leigh, George Horton, James H. Haslem, Laban Morrell, John Chatterley, Thomas Gower, Thomas Crowther and others.		From late April to September, those working up the canyon in mining or hauling wood, coal, limestone, rock, sand or “adobies” to the ironworks were [[Isaac C. Haight\|Isaac C. Haight]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Samuel McMurdie\|Samuel McMurdie]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M. Macfarlane]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Nephi Johnson\|Nephi Johnson]], [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], Elias Morris, [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Robert Wiley\|Robert Wiley]], and [[Philip Klingensmith\|Philip Klingensmith]]. Those working at the ironworks on the furnace, engine, coke ovens or blacksmith shop included Elias Morris, [[John S. Humphries\|John Humphries]], [[Ira Allen\|Ira Allen]], [[John M. Urie\|John Urie]], [[Benjamin A. Arthur\|Benjamin Arthur]], [[James Williamson\|James Williamson]], [[Joseph H. Smith\|Joseph H. Smith]], [[Samuel Jewkes\|Samuel Jewkes]], [[Joseph Clews\|Joseph Clews]], [[Richard Harrison\|Richard Harrison]], [[William C. Stewart\|William C. Stewart]], [[William Bateman\|William Bateman]], [[John M. Macfarlane\|John M Macfarlane]], [[John M. Higbee\|John M. Higbee]], [[John Jacobs\|John Jacobs]], [[George Hunter\|George Hunter]], [[Samuel Pollock\|Samuel Pollock]], [[William S. Riggs\|William S. Riggs]], [[Alexander_H._Loveridge\|Alex Loveridge]], [[Ellott Willden\|Ellott Wilden]], [[Ezra H. Curtis\|Ezra Curtis]], [[Eleazer Edwards\|Eliezar Edwards]], [[Swen Jacobs\|Swen Jacobs]], [[Joel White\|Joel White]], and [[Thomas H. Cartwright\|Thomas Cartwright]]. (The two lists overlap because some worked both in the canyon and at the Ironworks.) Other prominent figures at the ironworks who were not later involved at Mountain Meadows were Samuel Leigh, George Horton, James H. Haslem, Laban Morrell, John Chatterley, Thomas Gower, Thomas Crowther and others.

			==== Bateman's Role in the Ironworks in 1857 ====

	During this period of 1857, William Bateman was an occasional teamster for the ironworks. In late July, he hauled nearly two tons of coal. The following week, he hauled another ton to the ironworks. He did the same the following week and at mid-August, another two tons. During the intense week at the end of the month, when the iron run was in progress, he hauled another ton of coal. On October 12, he was credited with ten days of work building the new engine house. This work was probably done the previous spring.		During this period of 1857, William Bateman was an occasional teamster for the ironworks. In late July, he hauled nearly two tons of coal. The following week, he hauled another ton to the ironworks. He did the same the following week and at mid-August, another two tons. During the intense week at the end of the month, when the iron run was in progress, he hauled another ton of coal. On October 12, he was credited with ten days of work building the new engine house. This work was probably done the previous spring.

1857admin: /* References */

2012-02-18T06:55:41Z

References

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	= References =		= References =

	Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; Novak, ''House of Mourning,'' 158; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.		Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; Novak, ''House of Mourning,'' 158; Powell, ed., ''Utah History Encyclopedia,'' 321; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].

1857admin: /* References */

2012-02-10T10:54:18Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:54, 10 February 2012
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	= References =		= References =

	Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; ~~Novek~~, ''House of Mourning,'' 158; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.		Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; Novak, ''House of Mourning,'' 158; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].

1857admin: /* References */

2012-02-10T10:53:19Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:53, 10 February 2012
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	= References =		= References =

	Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.		Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; Novek, ''House of Mourning,'' 158; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].

1857admin: /* References */

2012-02-10T10:18:30Z

References

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:18, 10 February 2012
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	= References =		= References =

	Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; ~~FamilySearch~~.org; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.		Bagley, ''Blood of the Prophets,'' 144, 145, 325; Bigley and Bagley, ''Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives,'' 70n, 122, 123, 235, 347, 394; Brooks, ''The Mountain Meadows Massacre,'' 73; Lee, ''Mormonism Unveiled,'' 232, 236, 238, 379; Lee Trial transcripts; Moorman and Sessions, ''Camp Floyd and the Mormons,'' 135; New.Familysearch.org; Turley and Walker, ''Mountain Meadows Massacre: The Jenson and Morris Collections,'' 95, 114; Walker, et al, ''Massacre at Mountain Meadows,'' 187, 194, Appendix C, 256.

	For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].		For full bibliographic information see [[Bibliography]].